The short answer
Insulate Vulnerable Pipes
Wrap pipes in unheated areas, such as garages, crawlspaces, and attics, with foam pipe insulation or heat tape. Focus on sections near exterior walls, where cold air can penetrate. Even a small gap in insulation can let a pipe freeze, so cover joints and bends completely.
For hard-to-reach pipes, consider using pre-slit foam tubes that slide over the pipe and seal with adhesive. If you have pipes running through cabinets or closets, leave the doors open during freezing nights to let warm household air reach them. This simple step often prevents freezing without extra equipment.
- Check for drafts near pipes and seal gaps with caulk or spray foam.
- Use heat tape with a thermostat for pipes in very cold zones.
- Insulate both hot and cold water lines, not just cold ones.
- Pay extra attention to pipes less than six inches from exterior walls.
- Replace worn or damp insulation before winter.
Keep Water Moving
When temperatures drop below freezing, let a small trickle of cold water drip from faucets connected to vulnerable pipes. Moving water is harder to freeze than standing water, and even a thin stream can keep the pipe from freezing solid. Run the drip at the farthest faucet from the main shutoff to keep the whole line moving.
Do not turn off your water heater during cold snaps. Warm water in the tank and pipes can add a few degrees of protection. If you plan to be away for several days, set your thermostat to at least 55 degrees Fahrenheit, even if you normally lower it. This keeps indoor air warm enough to prevent most freezing.
Seal off Cold Air
Cold drafts can freeze pipes even when your home is warm. Inspect your foundation, exterior walls, and any openings where pipes enter your house. Seal gaps with caulk, expanding foam, or weatherstripping. A small crack can let in enough cold air to freeze a nearby pipe.
Also check the area around your dryer vent, exhaust fans, and exterior faucets. Disconnect garden hoses from outdoor spigots and drain the spigot line if possible. For outdoor faucets, install insulated covers to keep the cold air out. These measures are especially useful in older homes with drafty spots.
Know Your Shutoff Valve
If a pipe does freeze, you need to shut off the water quickly to limit damage. Find your main shutoff valve now, before an emergency. The shutoff is often near the water meter or where the main line enters your home. Write down its location and keep a wrench nearby if needed.
If a pipe bursts, shut off the water and open a faucet to relieve pressure. Do not try to thaw a frozen pipe with an open flame; use a hair dryer, heat lamp, or warm towels instead. If you cannot locate the shutoff or the damage is severe, contact a local water damage pro for help with cleanup and drying.
When to Call the Pros
If a pipe bursts, you may face significant water damage inside walls, floors, or ceilings. In that situation, turn off the water and call local water damage pros to extract standing water and set up drying equipment. The pros use dehumidifiers and air movers to dry out structures, which helps prevent mold and rot.
If you suspect a hidden leak after a freeze, a leak detection service can find the source without tearing open walls. If walls or flooring have been soaked, restoration pros can assess and remove damaged materials. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered. Acting quickly is crucial, but you do not have to handle the cleanup alone.
- Turn off the water at the main valve if a pipe bursts.
- Document the damage with photos for your insurance records.
- Do not enter a flooded area if water is near electrical outlets.
- See a doctor if you feel unwell from mold or moisture exposure.
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Call Now (425) 407-5186Frequently asked questions
What temperature should I keep my house to prevent frozen pipes?
Set your thermostat to at least 55 degrees Fahrenheit, even when you are away. This keeps indoor air warm enough to prevent most pipes from freezing, especially those inside walls and cabinets. If you have pipes in unheated areas, add extra insulation or a drip.
Should I leave a faucet dripping all night?
Yes, a slow drip is a good idea when temperatures are below freezing. A thin stream of moving water is less likely to freeze than standing water. Run the drip at the faucet farthest from your main shutoff to keep the entire line moving.
How do I thaw a frozen pipe safely?
Shut off the water and open the faucet to relieve pressure. Use a hair dryer, heat lamp, or warm towels to warm the pipe gradually. Never use an open flame, as it can damage the pipe or start a fire. If the pipe has burst, call a pro for cleanup.